Change and Development in Rural Melanesia.

Timber contracting in Melanesia: a system in need of change

Logging contract systems are in need of change—they are leading to environmentally destructive exploitation and poor returns to landowners. The reaction has been to ban logging, thus giving subsidies to domestic timber processing industries. Export taxes are an inefficient and inequitable means of timber revenue distribution. The logging contract needs to be changed to allow landowners and gove...

Climate Change Impacts on Native Plant Communities in Melanesia

Position of Rural Development in Development Plans

In Iran, new centralization characteristic, especially during Pahlavi dynasty, has been convergence and its vast use in bureaucracy. Historical sociological studies have consensus on the issues of centralization, power centralization, and political sovereignty in Iran; however, these issues have some divisional interruptions and different levels of strength in some parts of the history. This es...

Space Economy and Rural Development

Despite all initiatives and endeavors, Iran’s rural communities are encountering with challenges regarding the achievement of comprehensive development. Space economy is associated with location distribution of economic activities as well as movement and flow of population, goods, services, and capital. These in turn, would have great impact upon the development level of different settlement in...

Indigenous Governance in Melanesia

Along with recent widely publicized problems of Melanesian states comes renewed interest in “customary modes of governance.” Although talk of custom now fl ows easily in discussions of political reform in the region, few of these discussions make any serious use of the extensive anthropological literature on the politics of “tradition.” The fact that custom now crosses lines of academic and pol...